An absolute encoder is a type of sensor that provides a unique digital code for every single position of its shaft or body. Think of it like a GPS for motion: no matter where the object is when you power it up, the encoder knows its exact location.

Unlike an incremental encoder, which only tells you how much something has moved, an absolute encoder gives you an absolute position. This means it never loses track of its location, even if power is lost or the machine is turned off. When you restart the system, the encoder instantly knows its position without needing to return to a "home" or reference point.

They are ideal for applications that require constant, precise position feedback, such as in robotics, CNC machines, and factory automation.