Incremental Encoders

An incremental encoder is a type of sensor that provides a signal based on motion or change in position. Unlike an absolute encoder, it does not provide a unique position code. Instead, it generates a series of pulses as its shaft or body moves.

The number of pulses tells you how much an object has moved, and by reading the phase relationship between two different pulse signals, you can also determine the direction of movement.

Incremental encoders are simpler, more common, and generally less expensive than absolute encoders. However, they require a "homing" or reference point to establish their position at startup. If power is lost, the position is also lost, and the system must re-establish its home position to know where it is.